Longer pieces about how these five systems work, where their claims came from, and what the evidence actually supports. The reference pages state a meaning; these argue about it.

Four of the five reference systems on this site carry an element on every entry. The fifth does not, and working out why is more instructive than the sc...

A reading that came true is weaker evidence than it feels, because the outcome wrote the record. There is one practice that fixes it, and almost no read...

Three positions look like three questions. They are not. A worked example, dealt live on this site, of reading a three-card line as a single sentence.

A psychologist handed the same personality sketch to a whole class in 1948 and they rated it 4.26 out of 5 for accuracy. Recognising that kind of senten...